Compare Andorra (2005) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)

Compare Andorra (2005) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)

	Andorra (2005)	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2002)

Administrative divisions	7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Escaldes-Engordany, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 14.8% (male 5,471/female 4,995) 15-64 years: 71.5% (male 26,463/female 23,977) 65 years and over: 13.7% (male 4,780/female 4,863) (2005 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep	-
Airports	none (2004 est.)	none (2001)
Area	total: 468 sq km land: 468 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 NM to 200 NM around each island.
Birth rate	9 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $385 million expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997)	-
Capital	Andorra la Vella	-
Climate	temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	NA km
Constitution	Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991, approved by referendum 14 March 1993, effective 4 May 1993	adopted 3 October 1985
Country name	conventional long form: Principality of Andorra conventional short form: Andorra local long form: Principat d'Andorra local short form: Andorra	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none
Death rate	6.07 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is a scientific base
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (93) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064 FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	none	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands occupied briefly by Argentina in 1982; islands continue to be claimed by Argentina
Economic aid - recipient	none	-
Economy - overview	Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - imports	NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower	-
Electricity - production	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Hazardous Wastes signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)	-
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002); Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003), represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since NA) head of government: Executive Council President Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA (since 27 May 2005) cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held April-May 2005) election results: Marc FORNE MOLNE elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA%	-
Exports	$58 million f.o.b. (1998)	-
Exports - commodities	tobacco products, furniture	-
Exports - partners	Spain 58%, France 34% (2000)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem	the flag of the UK is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $26,800 (2003 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	2% (2003 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	42 30 N, 1 30 E	54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note	landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 21st century, live on South Georgia
Highways	total: 269 km paved: 198 km unpaved: 71 km	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$1.077 billion (1998)	-
Imports - commodities	consumer goods, food, electricity	-
Imports - partners	Spain 48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (2000)	-
Independence	1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 4.05 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.38 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4.3% (2000)	-
International organization participation	CE, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNESCO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTO (observer)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional	-
Labor force	33,000 (2001 est.)	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.)	-
Land boundaries	total: 120.3 km border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 2.22% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.78% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (1998 est.)
Languages	Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese	-
Legal system	based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 24 April 2005 (next to be held March-April 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 41.2%, PS 38.1%, CDA 11%, other 9.7%; seats by party - PLA 14, PS 12, CDA 2	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 83.51 years male: 80.6 years female: 86.6 years (2005 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 100% male: NA% female: NA%	-
Location	Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references	Europe	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	registered in other countries: 1	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France and Spain	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra	-
National holiday	Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: Andorran(s) adjective: Andorran	-
Natural hazards	avalanches	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources	hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead	fish
Net migration rate	6.53 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA (formerly Liberal Union or UL) [Albert PINTAT]; Social Democratic Party or PS (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [Mariona GONZALEZ REOLIT]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	70,549 (July 2005 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	0.95% (2005 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	-	Grytviken
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)	0 (2003)
Religions	Roman Catholic (predominant)	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges international: country code - 376; landline circuits to France and Spain	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use	35,000 (2001)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	23,500 (2001)	-
Television broadcast stations	0 (1997)	0 (2003)
Terrain	rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Total fertility rate	1.29 children born/woman (2005 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	0% (1996 est.)	-
Waterways	-	none

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